Round Wire Impedance
d (Dia)
D (Pitch)
Virtual GND
Wire Diameter (d)
mm
mils
Wire Pitch / Spacing (D)
mm
mils
Pitch must be greater than diameter!
Dielectric / Insulation Material
Air / Vacuum (εr = 1.0)
PTFE / Teflon (εr = 2.1)
FEP (εr = 2.1)
Polyethylene / PE (εr = 2.25)
Polypropylene / PP (εr = 2.3)
Rubber (εr = 3.0)
PVC - Flexible (εr = 3.5)
Nylon (εr = 4.0)
FR-4 / Glass Epoxy (εr = 4.5)
Custom Value
ε
r
:
Note: For wires in air with thin insulation, the effective εr will be lower than the material value.
Single-Ended (Z
se
)
Wire to Virtual Ground
-- Ω
Differential (Z
diff
)
Wire to Wire Loop
-- Ω